Linux on Virtex board with ARCH=powerpc
Peter Mendham
petermendham at computing.dundee.ac.uk
Thu Jun 26 02:17:48 EST 2008
OK, this is all new to me, so please bear with me if I've made a major
mistake. I ran the kernel until it didn't give me anymore output and
then told xmd to "stop", mrd from any location gave me exactly the same
32-bit word of garbage. I then reset the processor and mrd would give
me what looked like reasonable values. I found the __log_buf symbol in
the System.map file (0xc024a108) and tried mrd on what I assume is the
corresponding physical address of 0x0024a108. I get the following:
<6>Using Xilinx Virtex machine description
<5>Linux version 2.6.26-rc6 (peter at eris) (gcc version 4.2.4) #9 PREEMPT
Wed Jun 25 16:27:33 BST 2008
<7>Entering add_active_range(0, 0, 131072) 0 entries of 256 used
<7>Top of RAM: 0x20000000, Total RAM: 0x20000000
<7>Memory hole size: 0MB
<4>Zone PFN ranges:
<4> DMA 0 -> 131072
<4> Normal 131072 -> 131072
<4>Movable zone start PFN for each node
<4>early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges
<4> 0: 0 -> 131072
<7>On node 0 totalpages: 131072
<7> DMA zone: 1024 pages used for memmap
<7> DMA zone: 0 pages reserved
<7> DMA zone: 130048 pages, LIFO batch:31
<7> Normal zone: 0 pages used for memmap
<7> Movable zone: 0 pages used for memmap
<4>Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages:
130048
<5>Kernel command line: console=ttyUL0 root=/dev/xsa2 rw
<6>Xilinx intc at 0xFDFFF000C025CFFC mapped to 0x0000025d
<4>PID hash table entries: 2048 (order: 11, 8192 bytes)
xmd tells me that the processor stopped at 0xc000fe50, and subsequent
"con" and "stop" sequences do no move this on (it reports the same each
time). Below is a choice excerpt of my System.map:
c000fdc4 t src_error
c000fddc t dst_error
c000fdf4 T __div64_32
c000fe94 T cacheable_memzero
c000ff38 T memset
So I guess that means it's in __div64_32?
Any ideas?
Thanks in advance,
-- Peter
John Linn wrote:
> Sounds like the bootstrap loader has loaded the kernel and passed off
> execution to it, but there's no console working on the kernel.
>
> You can confirm that since you have a probe as you can dump the
> __log_buf by getting the address of it using objdump on the elf image.
> It's a pain to convert to readable form, but can help to see that things
> are indeed running. Stop the processor, then do the memory read command,
> mrd, in xmd.
>
> For the console to work with UART Lite, CONFIG_OF must be on in the
> kernel configuration, I would check that.
>
> The file, arch/powerpc/boot/virtex.c, has the startup code for the
> virtex specific processing. It checks to make sure there is compatible
> hardware based on the device tree. If your device tree doesn't match
> that hardware you could have a problem. I have not found the powerup of
> the kernel to be very informative if the device tree is wrong.
>
> I pasted in our ML405 device tree below to allow you to compare to it.
>
> Hope that helps,
> John
>
>
>
> /*
> * (C) Copyright 2007 Michal Simek
> *
> * Michal SIMEK <monstr at monstr.eu>
> *
> * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
> * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
> * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
> * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
> *
>
> * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
> * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
> * GNU General Public License for more details.
> *
> * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
> * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
> * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
> * MA 02111-1307 USA
> *
> * CAUTION: This file is automatically generated by libgen.
> * Version: Xilinx EDK 10.1.1 EDK_K_SP1.1
> */
>
> / {
> #address-cells = <1>;
> #size-cells = <1>;
> compatible = "xlnx,virtex";
> model = "testing";
> DDR_SDRAM: memory at 0 {
> device_type = "memory";
> reg = < 0 8000000 >;
> } ;
> chosen {
> bootargs = "console=ttyS0 ip=on root=/dev/ram";
> linux,stdout-path = "/plb at 0/serial at 83e00000";
> } ;
> cpus {
> #address-cells = <1>;
> #cpus = <1>;
>
> #size-cells = <0>;
> ppc405_0: cpu at 0 {
> clock-frequency = <11e1a300>;
> compatible = "PowerPC,405", "ibm,ppc405";
>
> d-cache-line-size = <20>;
> d-cache-size = <4000>;
> device_type = "cpu";
> i-cache-line-size = <20>;
>
> i-cache-size = <4000>;
> model = "PowerPC,405";
> reg = <0>;
> timebase-frequency = <11e1a300>;
> xlnx,apu-control = <de00>;
> xlnx,apu-udi-1 = <a18983>;
> xlnx,apu-udi-2 = <a38983>;
> xlnx,apu-udi-3 = <a589c3>;
> xlnx,apu-udi-4 = <a789c3>;
> xlnx,apu-udi-5 = <a98c03>;
> xlnx,apu-udi-6 = <ab8c03>;
> xlnx,apu-udi-7 = <ad8c43>;
> xlnx,apu-udi-8 = <af8c43>;
> xlnx,deterministic-mult = <0>;
> xlnx,disable-operand-forwarding = <1>;
> xlnx,fastest-plb-clock = "DPLB0";
> xlnx,generate-plb-timespecs = <1>;
> xlnx,mmu-enable = <1>;
> xlnx,pvr-high = <0>;
> xlnx,pvr-low = <0>;
> } ;
> } ;
> plb: plb at 0 {
> #address-cells = <1>;
> #size-cells = <1>;
> compatible = "xlnx,plb-v46-1.02.a";
> ranges ;
> IIC_EEPROM: i2c at 81600000 {
> compatible = "xlnx,xps-iic-2.00.a";
> interrupt-parent = <&xps_intc_0>;
> interrupts = < 4 2 >;
> reg = < 81600000 10000 >;
> xlnx,clk-freq = <5f5e100>;
> xlnx,family = "virtex4";
> xlnx,gpo-width = <1>;
> xlnx,iic-freq = <186a0>;
> xlnx,scl-inertial-delay = <0>;
> xlnx,sda-inertial-delay = <0>;
> xlnx,ten-bit-adr = <0>;
> } ;
> LEDs_4Bit: gpio at 81400000 {
> compatible = "xlnx,xps-gpio-1.00.a";
> interrupt-parent = <&xps_intc_0>;
> interrupts = < 5 2 >;
> reg = < 81400000 10000 >;
> xlnx,all-inputs = <0>;
> xlnx,all-inputs-2 = <0>;
> xlnx,dout-default = <0>;
> xlnx,dout-default-2 = <0>;
> xlnx,family = "virtex4";
> xlnx,gpio-width = <4>;
> xlnx,interrupt-present = <1>;
> xlnx,is-bidir = <1>;
> xlnx,is-bidir-2 = <1>;
> xlnx,is-dual = <0>;
> xlnx,tri-default = <ffffffff>;
> xlnx,tri-default-2 = <ffffffff>;
> } ;
> RS232_Uart: serial at 83e00000 {
> compatible = "ns16550";
> device_type = "serial";
> interrupt-parent = <&xps_intc_0>;
> interrupts = < 6 2 >;
> reg = < 83e00000 10000 >;
> reg-offset = <3>;
> reg-shift = <2>;
> clock-frequency = <05f5e100>;
> xlnx,family = "virtex4";
> xlnx,has-external-rclk = <0>;
> xlnx,has-external-xin = <0>;
> xlnx,is-a-16550 = <1>;
> } ;
> SysACE_CompactFlash: sysace at 83600000 {
> compatible = "xlnx,xps-sysace-1.00.a";
> interrupt-parent = <&xps_intc_0>;
> interrupts = < 3 2 >;
> reg = < 83600000 10000 >;
> xlnx,family = "virtex4";
> xlnx,mem-width = <10>;
> } ;
> TriMode_MAC_GMII: xps-ll-temac at 81c00000 {
> #address-cells = <1>;
> #size-cells = <1>;
> compatible = "xlnx,compound";
> ethernet at 81c00000 {
> compatible = "xlnx,xps-ll-temac-1.01.a";
> device_type = "network";
> interrupt-parent = <&xps_intc_0>;
> interrupts = < 2 2 >;
> llink-connected = <&PIM2>;
> local-mac-address = [ 02 00 00 00 00 01
> ];
> reg = < 81c00000 40 >;
> xlnx,bus2core-clk-ratio = <1>;
> xlnx,phy-type = <1>;
> xlnx,phyaddr = <1>;
> xlnx,rxcsum = <0>;
> xlnx,rxfifo = <1000>;
> xlnx,temac-type = <1>;
> xlnx,txcsum = <0>;
> xlnx,txfifo = <1000>;
> } ;
> } ;
> mpmc at 0 {
> #address-cells = <1>;
> #size-cells = <1>;
> compatible = "xlnx,mpmc-4.00.a";
> PIM2: sdma at 84600100 {
> compatible = "xlnx,ll-dma-1.00.a";
> interrupt-parent = <&xps_intc_0>;
> interrupts = < 1 2 0 2 >;
> reg = < 84600100 80 >;
> } ;
> } ;
> xps_bram_if_cntlr_1: xps-bram-if-cntlr at ffffe000 {
> compatible = "xlnx,xps-bram-if-cntlr-1.00.a";
> reg = < ffffe000 2000 >;
> xlnx,family = "virtex4";
> } ;
> xps_intc_0: interrupt-controller at 81800000 {
> #interrupt-cells = <2>;
> compatible = "xlnx,xps-intc-1.00.a";
> interrupt-controller ;
> reg = < 81800000 10000 >;
> xlnx,num-intr-inputs = <7>;
> } ;
> } ;
> ppc405_0_dplb1: plb at 1 {
> #address-cells = <1>;
> #size-cells = <1>;
> compatible = "xlnx,plb-v46-1.02.a";
> ranges ;
> } ;
> } ;
>
>
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Peter Mendham [mailto:petermendham at computing.dundee.ac.uk]
> Sent: Tuesday, June 24, 2008 1:21 PM
> To: John Linn
> Cc: linuxppc-embedded at ozlabs.org
> Subject: Re: Linux on Virtex board with ARCH=powerpc
>
> Hi John,
>
> Thanks for your reply, that's really helpful. I'm actually using the
> mainline kernel, rather than the one from the xilinx git tree, but your
> information has really moved me on. My first problem was that the
> Xilinx utility (from the git tree) for device tree dts generation didn't
>
> insert a "linux,stdout-path" node under "chosen". I spotted that the
> ml403 example had this, so after adding it I got early console
> messages. Everything now grinds to a halt after I get the message "flat
>
> tree at 0x40ad60" which is just before it calls the kernel, so I assume
> it's that call that is killing it. I have "console=ttyUL0" for my
> uartlite, so I should be getting messages, shouldn't I? Do you know
> where the next execution point is? Maybe I could find out where it's
> getting stuck.
>
> I haven't managed to generate an ACE file, I'm just loading the kernel
> image from xmd ATM, genace won't play ball for me, it complains about
> -board user not being valid, it won't even run on the examples copied
> directly from the user manual. Anyway, I think genace is a bit OT, and
> I can manage with xmd for now.
>
> Thanks,
> -- Peter
>
> John Linn wrote:
>
>> Hi Peter,
>>
>> I'm not up on what can be done with the simple image you refer to in
>>
> 1.
>
>> I'm sure I should be, but there's a lot to learn.
>>
>> With regards to 2, the elf image, zImage (without the elf extension),
>>
> is
>
>> located in arch/powerpc/boot.
>>
>> You can make a SystemACE file from that elf image just as you did in
>> arch/ppc. We have a default device tree file, ml405.dts, in the
>> arch/powerpc/boot/dts directory for our ml405 board. The kernel
>> configuration has a config, DEVICE_TREE, that specifies the name of
>>
> the
>
>> device tree file. I normally compile the device tree into the kernel
>> which is the default build, make ARCH=powerpc zImage. That image does
>> not require a boot loader.
>>
>> I inserted the text below from a document that I have about building
>>
> the
>
>> arch/ppc and arch/powerpc kernels.
>>
>> Hope that helps,
>> John
>>
>>
>> Notation
>>
>> The phrase "<ppc or powerpc>" is used throughput the text and means
>>
> that
>
>> one or the other, "ppc" or "powerpc" is to be typed depending on the
>> architecture you are building.
>>
>> Commands that are used in a bash shell are preceded by ">".
>>
>> Getting Ready To Build the Kernel
>>
>> This assumes you installed the ELDK tools and assumes you'll be using
>>
> a
>
>> bash shell.
>>
>>
>>
>>> bash
>>> export CROSS_COMPILE=ppc_4xx-
>>>
>>>
>> Setting Up the Kernel Tree
>>
>> If you have previously built this kernel for another architecture, ppc
>> or powerpc, then the tree needs to be setup correctly for the new
>> architecture. Assuming you have not previously built it, this does
>>
> not
>
>> need to be done.
>>
>>
>>
>>> make ARCH=<ppc or powerpc> mrproper
>>>
>>>
>> Configuring the Kernel
>>
>> The kernel should be configured to run on the ML405 or ML507 board
>>
> from
>
>> Xilinx.
>>
>>
>>
>>> make ARCH=<ppc or powerpc> ml405_defconfig
>>>
>>>
>> or
>>
>>
>>
>>> make ARCH=<ppc or powerpc> ml507_defconfig
>>>
>>>
>> Building the Kernel
>>
>> The following command will build the Linux kernel assuming you are in
>> the root directory of the kernel. The root directory of the kernel
>>
> from
>
>> the Xilinx Git tree is linux-2.6-xlnx. An elf file, zImage.elf, is
>> created in the arch/ppc/boot/images directory for ppc architecture. An
>> elf file, zImage, is created in the the arch/powerpc/boot directory
>>
> for
>
>> the powerpc architecture.
>>
>>
>>
>>> make ARCH=<ppc or powerpc> zImage
>>>
>>>
>>
>> Building the Kernel With Ramdisk
>>
>> A ram disk image, a file named *.gz, must be placed into the
>> arch/ppc/boot/images or arch/powerpc/boot directory, depending on the
>> architecture, prior to building the kernel.
>>
>>
>>
>>> make ARCH=<ppc or powerpc> zImage.initrd
>>>
>>>
>> An elf file, zImage.initrd.elf, is created in arch/ppc/boot/images
>> directory for the ppc architecture. An elf file file, zImage.initrd,
>>
> is
>
>> created in arch/powerpc/boot directory for the powerpc architecture.
>>
>> Generating An Ace File
>>
>> The elf file generated for the kernel and the bit stream can be
>>
> combined
>
>> to create an ACE file for compact flash. The following assumes a bash
>> shell where XMD is accessible and a xilinx probe attached to the board
>> for which you are generating an ace file.
>>
>>
>>
>>> xmd -tcl genace.tcl -jprog -target ppc_hw -hw <bit file name> -elf
>>>
> <elf
>
>>>
>>>
>> file name> -board <ml405 or ml507> -ace <desired ace file name>
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: linuxppc-embedded-bounces+john.linn=xilinx.com at ozlabs.org
>> [mailto:linuxppc-embedded-bounces+john.linn=xilinx.com at ozlabs.org] On
>> Behalf Of Peter Mendham
>> Sent: Tuesday, June 24, 2008 3:02 AM
>> To: linuxppc-embedded at ozlabs.org
>> Subject: Linux on Virtex board with ARCH=powerpc
>>
>> Dear all,
>>
>> I'm trying to boot a 2.6.26-rc6 kernel on a custom Virtex 4 board. I
>> have used the Xilinx utility to generate a device tree and now want to
>>
>
>
>> generate an image for throwing onto CF for use with a SystemACE (just
>> like on the the ML3/4xx boards). I don't want to use a bootloader (I
>> don't really need one). I saw something on this list about
>>
> simpleImage,
>
>> "simple" sounded good to me so I thought I'd try that (or did I
>> misinterpret what this is for?). I also don't want the image to be
>>
> too
>
>> big, I always used to use a zImage under ARCH=ppc. So, two questions,
>> which hopefully are easy ones:
>> 1. I did what Grant said in a post to this list about simpleImage, and
>>
>
>
>> dumped my dts into arch/powerpc/boot/dts and I called it system.dts
>>
> (for
>
>> now). I then tried to do make simpleImage.system which ran right
>> through to final link then moaned about a missing simpleboot-system.
>> Where is this supposed to come from? What am I doing wrong? I
>>
> naively
>
>> tried copying simpleboot.o to simpleboot-system.o and the error went
>> away. Hmm.
>> 2. I need an ELF to give to my SystemACE file generator. This used to
>>
>
>
>> pop up in arch/ppc/boot/images and be called zImage.elf, which made
>> sense to me. What's the deal now with powerpc? What should I be
>>
> using?
>
>> Finally, can anyone give me a heads-up on any gotchas with what I'm
>> trying to do. As you can tell, I don't entirely know what I'm doing,
>>
> so
>
>> any pointers would be gratefully received.
>>
>> Thanks,
>> -- Peter
>>
>>
>> The University of Dundee is a Scottish Registered Charity, No.
>>
> SC015096.
>
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