[PATCH 00/15 v2] tick/sched: Refactor idle cputime accounting

Shrikanth Hegde sshegde at linux.ibm.com
Thu Feb 12 18:02:36 AEDT 2026



On 2/11/26 10:36 PM, Frederic Weisbecker wrote:
> Le Wed, Feb 11, 2026 at 07:13:45PM +0530, Shrikanth Hegde a écrit :
>> Hi Frederic,
>> Gave this series a spin on the same system as v1.
>>
>> On 2/6/26 7:52 PM, Frederic Weisbecker wrote:
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> After the issue reported here:
>>>
>>>           https://lore.kernel.org/all/20251210083135.3993562-1-jackzxcui1989@163.com/
>>>
>>> It occurs that the idle cputime accounting is a big mess that
>>> accumulates within two concurrent statistics, each having their own
>>> shortcomings:
>>>
>>> * The accounting for online CPUs which is based on the delta between
>>>     tick_nohz_start_idle() and tick_nohz_stop_idle().
>>>
>>>     Pros:
>>>          - Works when the tick is off
>>>
>>>          - Has nsecs granularity
>>>
>>>     Cons:
>>>          - Account idle steal time but doesn't substract it from idle
>>>            cputime.
>>>
>>>          - Assumes CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING by not accounting IRQs but
>>>            the IRQ time is simply ignored when
>>>            CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING=n
>>>
>>>          - The windows between 1) idle task scheduling and the first call
>>>            to tick_nohz_start_idle() and 2) idle task between the last
>>>            tick_nohz_stop_idle() and the rest of the idle time are
>>>            blindspots wrt. cputime accounting (though mostly insignificant
>>>            amount)
>>>
>>>          - Relies on private fields outside of kernel stats, with specific
>>>            accessors.
>>>
>>> * The accounting for offline CPUs which is based on ticks and the
>>>     jiffies delta during which the tick was stopped.
>>>
>>>     Pros:
>>>          - Handles steal time correctly
>>>
>>>          - Handle CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING=y and
>>>            CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING=n correctly.
>>>
>>>          - Handles the whole idle task
>>>
>>>          - Accounts directly to kernel stats, without midlayer accumulator.
>>>
>>>      Cons:
>>>          - Doesn't elapse when the tick is off, which doesn't make it
>>>            suitable for online CPUs.
>>>
>>>          - Has TICK_NSEC granularity (jiffies)
>>>
>>>          - Needs to track the dyntick-idle ticks that were accounted and
>>>            substract them from the total jiffies time spent while the tick
>>>            was stopped. This is an ugly workaround.
>>>
>>> Having two different accounting for a single context is not the only
>>> problem: since those accountings are of different natures, it is
>>> possible to observe the global idle time going backward after a CPU goes
>>> offline, as reported by Xin Zhao.
>>>
>>> Clean up the situation with introducing a hybrid approach that stays
>>> coherent, fixes the backward jumps and works for both online and offline
>>> CPUs:
>>>
>>> * Tick based or native vtime accounting operate before the tick is
>>>     stopped and resumes once the tick is restarted.
>>>
>>> * When the idle loop starts, switch to dynticks-idle accounting as is
>>>     done currently, except that the statistics accumulate directly to the
>>>     relevant kernel stat fields.
>>>
>>> * Private dyntick cputime accounting fields are removed.
>>>
>>> * Works on both online and offline case.
>>>
>>> * Move most of the relevant code to the common sched/cputime subsystem
>>>
>>> * Handle CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING=n correctly such that the
>>>     dynticks-idle accounting still elapses while on IRQs.
>>>
>>> * Correctly substract idle steal cputime from idle time
>>>
>>> Changes since v1:
>>>
>>> - Fix deadlock involving double seq count lock on idle
>>>
>>> - Fix build breakage on powerpc
>>>
>>> - Fix build breakage on s390 (Heiko)
>>>
>>> - Fix broken sysfs s390 idle time file (Heiko)
>>>
>>> - Convert most ktime usage here into u64 (Peterz)
>>>
>>> - Add missing (or too implicit) <linux/sched/clock.h> (Peterz)
>>>
>>> - Fix whole idle time acccounting breakage due to missing TS_FLAG_ set
>>>     on idle entry (Shrikanth Hegde)
>>>
>>> git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/frederic/linux-dynticks.git
>>> 	timers/core-v2
>>>
>>> HEAD: 21458b98c80a0567d48131240317b7b73ba34c3c
>>> Thanks,
>>> 	Frederic
>>
>> idle and runtime utilization with mpstat while running stress-ng looks
>> correct now.
>>
>> However, when running hackbench I am noticing the below data. hackbench shows
>> severe regressions.
>>
>> base: tip/master at 9c61ebbdb587a3950072700ab74a9310afe3ad73.
>> (nit: patch 7 is already part of tip. so skipped applying it)
>> +-----------------------------------------------+-------+---------+-----------+
>> | Test                                          | base  | +series | % Diff    |
>> +-----------------------------------------------+-------+---------+-----------+
>> | HackBench Process 10 groups                   |  2.23 |  3.05   |   -36.77%  |
>> | HackBench Process 20 groups                   |  4.17 |  5.82   |   -39.57%  |
>> | HackBench Process 30 groups                   |  6.04 |  8.49   |   -40.56%  |
>> | HackBench Process 40 groups                   |  7.90 | 11.10   |   -40.51%  |
>> | HackBench thread 10                           |  2.44 |  3.36   |   -37.70%  |
>> | HackBench thread 20                           |  4.57 |  6.35   |   -38.95%  |
>> | HackBench Process(Pipe) 10                    |  1.76 |  2.29   |   -30.11%  |
>> | HackBench Process(Pipe) 20                    |  3.49 |  4.76   |   -36.39%  |
>> | HackBench Process(Pipe) 30                    |  5.21 |  7.13   |   -36.85%  |
>> | HackBench Process(Pipe) 40                    |  6.89 |  9.31   |   -35.12%  |
>> | HackBench thread(Pipe) 10                     |  1.91 |  2.50   |   -30.89%  |
>> | HackBench thread(Pipe) 20                     |  3.74 |  5.16   |   -37.97%  |
>> +-----------------------------------------------+-------+---------+-----------+
>>
>> I have these in .config and I don't have nohz_full or isolated cpus.
>>
>> CONFIG_TICK_ONESHOT=y
>> CONFIG_NO_HZ_COMMON=y
>> # CONFIG_HZ_PERIODIC is not set
>> # CONFIG_NO_HZ_IDLE is not set
>> CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL=y
>>
>> # CPU/Task time and stats accounting
>> #
>> CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING=y
>> CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN=y
>> CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING=y
>> CONFIG_HAVE_SCHED_AVG_IRQ=y
>>
>> I did a git bisect and below is what it says.
>>
>> git bisect start
>> # status: waiting for both good and bad commits
>> # bad: [6821315886a3b5267ea31d29dba26fd34647fbbc] sched/cputime: Handle dyntick-idle steal time correctly
>> git bisect bad 6821315886a3b5267ea31d29dba26fd34647fbbc
>> # status: waiting for good commit(s), bad commit known
>> # good: [9c61ebbdb587a3950072700ab74a9310afe3ad73] Merge branch into tip/master: 'x86/sev'
>> git bisect good 9c61ebbdb587a3950072700ab74a9310afe3ad73
>> # good: [dc8bb3c84d162f7d9aa6becf9f8392474f92655a] tick/sched: Remove nohz disabled special case in cputime fetch
>> git bisect good dc8bb3c84d162f7d9aa6becf9f8392474f92655a
>> # good: [5070a778a581cd668f5d717f85fb22b078d8c20c] tick/sched: Account tickless idle cputime only when tick is stopped
>> git bisect good 5070a778a581cd668f5d717f85fb22b078d8c20c
>> # bad: [1e0ccc25a9a74b188b239c4de716fde279adbf8e] sched/cputime: Provide get_cpu_[idle|iowait]_time_us() off-case
>> git bisect bad 1e0ccc25a9a74b188b239c4de716fde279adbf8e
>> # bad: [ee7c735b76071000d401869fc2883c451ee3fa61] tick/sched: Consolidate idle time fetching APIs
>> git bisect bad ee7c735b76071000d401869fc2883c451ee3fa61
>> # first bad commit: [ee7c735b76071000d401869fc2883c451ee3fa61] tick/sched:
>> Consolidate idle time fetching APIs
> 
> I see. Can you try this? (or fetch timers/core-v3 from my tree)
> Perhaps that mistake had some impact on cpufreq.
> 
> diff --git a/kernel/sched/cputime.c b/kernel/sched/cputime.c
> index 057fdc00dbc6..08550a6d9469 100644
> --- a/kernel/sched/cputime.c
> +++ b/kernel/sched/cputime.c
> @@ -524,7 +524,7 @@ static u64 get_cpu_sleep_time_us(int cpu, enum cpu_usage_stat idx,
>   	do_div(res, NSEC_PER_USEC);
>   
>   	if (last_update_time)
> -		*last_update_time = res;
> +		*last_update_time = ktime_to_us(now);
>   
>   	return res;
>   }
> 
Yes. This diff helps. Now the data is almost same.

+-----------------------------------------------+-------+-------+-----------+
| Test                                          | base  | series+     | % Diff    |
|                                               |       | +above diff |
+-----------------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| HackBench Process 10 groups                   |  2.23 |  2.25       |    -0.90%  |
| HackBench Process 20 groups                   |  4.17 |  4.21       |    -0.96%  |
| HackBench Process 30 groups                   |  6.04 |  6.15       |    -1.82%  |
| HackBench Process 40 groups                   |  7.90 |  8.06       |    -2.03%  |
| HackBench thread 10                           |  2.44 |  2.46       |    -0.82%  |
| HackBench thread 20                           |  4.57 |  4.61       |    -0.88%  |
| HackBench Process(Pipe) 10                    |  1.76 |  1.73       |     1.70%  |
| HackBench Process(Pipe) 20                    |  3.49 |  3.50       |    -0.29%  |
| HackBench Process(Pipe) 30                    |  5.21 |  5.22       |    -0.19%  |
| HackBench Process(Pipe) 40                    |  6.89 |  6.96       |    -1.02%  |
| HackBench thread(Pipe) 10                     |  1.91 |  1.88       |     1.57%  |
| HackBench thread(Pipe) 20                     |  3.74 |  3.81       |    -1.87%  |
+-----------------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+


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