[PATCH v5 2/2] powerpc/xmon: Restrict when kernel is locked down

Daniel Axtens dja at axtens.net
Thu Aug 29 17:43:34 AEST 2019


Hi,

> Xmon should be either fully or partially disabled depending on the
> kernel lockdown state.

I've been kicking the tyres of this, and it seems to work well:

Tested-by: Daniel Axtens <dja at axtens.net>

>
> Put xmon into read-only mode for lockdown=integrity and prevent user
> entry into xmon when lockdown=confidentiality. Xmon checks the lockdown
> state on every attempted entry:
>
>  (1) during early xmon'ing
>
>  (2) when triggered via sysrq
>
>  (3) when toggled via debugfs
>
>  (4) when triggered via a previously enabled breakpoint
>
> The following lockdown state transitions are handled:
>
>  (1) lockdown=none -> lockdown=integrity
>      set xmon read-only mode
>
>  (2) lockdown=none -> lockdown=confidentiality
>      clear all breakpoints, set xmon read-only mode,
>      prevent user re-entry into xmon
>
>  (3) lockdown=integrity -> lockdown=confidentiality
>      clear all breakpoints, set xmon read-only mode,
>      prevent user re-entry into xmon

I have one small nit: if I enter confidentiality mode and then try to
enter xmon, I get 32 messages about clearing the breakpoints each time I
try to enter xmon:

root at dja-guest:~# echo confidentiality > /sys/kernel/security/lockdown 
root at dja-guest:~# echo x >/proc/sysrq-trigger 
[  489.585400] sysrq: Entering xmon
xmon: Disabled due to kernel lockdown
xmon: All breakpoints cleared
xmon: All breakpoints cleared
xmon: All breakpoints cleared
xmon: All breakpoints cleared
xmon: All breakpoints cleared
...

Investigating, I see that this is because my vm has 32 vcpus, and I'm
getting one per CPU.

Looking at the call sites, there's only one other caller, so I think you
might be better served with this:

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/xmon/xmon.c b/arch/powerpc/xmon/xmon.c
index 94a5fada3034..fcaf1d568162 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/xmon/xmon.c
+++ b/arch/powerpc/xmon/xmon.c
@@ -3833,10 +3833,6 @@ static void clear_all_bpt(void)
                iabr = NULL;
                dabr.enabled = 0;
        }
-
-       get_output_lock();
-       printf("xmon: All breakpoints cleared\n");
-       release_output_lock();
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
@@ -3846,8 +3842,13 @@ static int xmon_dbgfs_set(void *data, u64 val)
        xmon_init(xmon_on);
 
        /* make sure all breakpoints removed when disabling */
-       if (!xmon_on)
+       if (!xmon_on) {
                clear_all_bpt();
+               get_output_lock();
+               printf("xmon: All breakpoints cleared\n");
+               release_output_lock();
+       }
+
        return 0;
 }
 
Apart from that:
Reviewed-by: Daniel Axtens <dja at axtens.net>

Regards,
Daniel

> Suggested-by: Andrew Donnellan <ajd at linux.ibm.com>
> Signed-off-by: Christopher M. Riedl <cmr at informatik.wtf>
> ---
>  arch/powerpc/xmon/xmon.c     | 85 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
>  include/linux/security.h     |  2 +
>  security/lockdown/lockdown.c |  2 +
>  3 files changed, 72 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/powerpc/xmon/xmon.c b/arch/powerpc/xmon/xmon.c
> index a98a354d46ac..94a5fada3034 100644
> --- a/arch/powerpc/xmon/xmon.c
> +++ b/arch/powerpc/xmon/xmon.c
> @@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
>  #include <linux/nmi.h>
>  #include <linux/ctype.h>
>  #include <linux/highmem.h>
> +#include <linux/security.h>
>  
>  #include <asm/debugfs.h>
>  #include <asm/ptrace.h>
> @@ -187,6 +188,8 @@ static void dump_tlb_44x(void);
>  static void dump_tlb_book3e(void);
>  #endif
>  
> +static void clear_all_bpt(void);
> +
>  #ifdef CONFIG_PPC64
>  #define REG		"%.16lx"
>  #else
> @@ -283,10 +286,38 @@ Commands:\n\
>  "  U	show uptime information\n"
>  "  ?	help\n"
>  "  # n	limit output to n lines per page (for dp, dpa, dl)\n"
> -"  zr	reboot\n\
> -  zh	halt\n"
> +"  zr	reboot\n"
> +"  zh	halt\n"
>  ;
>  
> +#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
> +static bool xmon_is_locked_down(void)
> +{
> +	static bool lockdown;
> +
> +	if (!lockdown) {
> +		lockdown = !!security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_XMON_RW);
> +		if (lockdown) {
> +			printf("xmon: Disabled due to kernel lockdown\n");
> +			xmon_is_ro = true;
> +		}
> +	}
> +
> +	if (!xmon_is_ro) {
> +		xmon_is_ro = !!security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_XMON_WR);
> +		if (xmon_is_ro)
> +			printf("xmon: Read-only due to kernel lockdown\n");
> +	}
> +
> +	return lockdown;
> +}
> +#else /* CONFIG_SECURITY */
> +static inline bool xmon_is_locked_down(void)
> +{
> +	return false;
> +}
> +#endif
> +
>  static struct pt_regs *xmon_regs;
>  
>  static inline void sync(void)
> @@ -438,7 +469,10 @@ static bool wait_for_other_cpus(int ncpus)
>  
>  	return false;
>  }
> -#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
> +#else /* CONFIG_SMP */
> +static inline void get_output_lock(void) {}
> +static inline void release_output_lock(void) {}
> +#endif
>  
>  static inline int unrecoverable_excp(struct pt_regs *regs)
>  {
> @@ -455,6 +489,7 @@ static int xmon_core(struct pt_regs *regs, int fromipi)
>  	int cmd = 0;
>  	struct bpt *bp;
>  	long recurse_jmp[JMP_BUF_LEN];
> +	bool locked_down;
>  	unsigned long offset;
>  	unsigned long flags;
>  #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
> @@ -465,6 +500,8 @@ static int xmon_core(struct pt_regs *regs, int fromipi)
>  	local_irq_save(flags);
>  	hard_irq_disable();
>  
> +	locked_down = xmon_is_locked_down();
> +
>  	tracing_enabled = tracing_is_on();
>  	tracing_off();
>  
> @@ -516,7 +553,8 @@ static int xmon_core(struct pt_regs *regs, int fromipi)
>  
>  	if (!fromipi) {
>  		get_output_lock();
> -		excprint(regs);
> +		if (!locked_down)
> +			excprint(regs);
>  		if (bp) {
>  			printf("cpu 0x%x stopped at breakpoint 0x%tx (",
>  			       cpu, BP_NUM(bp));
> @@ -568,10 +606,14 @@ static int xmon_core(struct pt_regs *regs, int fromipi)
>  		}
>  		remove_bpts();
>  		disable_surveillance();
> -		/* for breakpoint or single step, print the current instr. */
> -		if (bp || TRAP(regs) == 0xd00)
> -			ppc_inst_dump(regs->nip, 1, 0);
> -		printf("enter ? for help\n");
> +
> +		if (!locked_down) {
> +			/* for breakpoint or single step, print curr insn */
> +			if (bp || TRAP(regs) == 0xd00)
> +				ppc_inst_dump(regs->nip, 1, 0);
> +			printf("enter ? for help\n");
> +		}
> +
>  		mb();
>  		xmon_gate = 1;
>  		barrier();
> @@ -595,8 +637,9 @@ static int xmon_core(struct pt_regs *regs, int fromipi)
>  			spin_cpu_relax();
>  			touch_nmi_watchdog();
>  		} else {
> -			cmd = cmds(regs);
> -			if (cmd != 0) {
> +			if (!locked_down)
> +				cmd = cmds(regs);
> +			if (locked_down || cmd != 0) {
>  				/* exiting xmon */
>  				insert_bpts();
>  				xmon_gate = 0;
> @@ -633,13 +676,16 @@ static int xmon_core(struct pt_regs *regs, int fromipi)
>  			       "can't continue\n");
>  		remove_bpts();
>  		disable_surveillance();
> -		/* for breakpoint or single step, print the current instr. */
> -		if (bp || TRAP(regs) == 0xd00)
> -			ppc_inst_dump(regs->nip, 1, 0);
> -		printf("enter ? for help\n");
> +		if (!locked_down) {
> +			/* for breakpoint or single step, print current insn */
> +			if (bp || TRAP(regs) == 0xd00)
> +				ppc_inst_dump(regs->nip, 1, 0);
> +			printf("enter ? for help\n");
> +		}
>  	}
>  
> -	cmd = cmds(regs);
> +	if (!locked_down)
> +		cmd = cmds(regs);
>  
>  	insert_bpts();
>  	in_xmon = 0;
> @@ -668,7 +714,10 @@ static int xmon_core(struct pt_regs *regs, int fromipi)
>  		}
>  	}
>  #endif
> -	insert_cpu_bpts();
> +	if (locked_down)
> +		clear_all_bpt();
> +	else
> +		insert_cpu_bpts();
>  
>  	touch_nmi_watchdog();
>  	local_irq_restore(flags);
> @@ -3767,7 +3816,6 @@ static int __init setup_xmon_sysrq(void)
>  device_initcall(setup_xmon_sysrq);
>  #endif /* CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ */
>  
> -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
>  static void clear_all_bpt(void)
>  {
>  	int i;
> @@ -3786,9 +3834,12 @@ static void clear_all_bpt(void)
>  		dabr.enabled = 0;
>  	}
>  
> +	get_output_lock();
>  	printf("xmon: All breakpoints cleared\n");
> +	release_output_lock();
>  }
>  
> +#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
>  static int xmon_dbgfs_set(void *data, u64 val)
>  {
>  	xmon_on = !!val;
> diff --git a/include/linux/security.h b/include/linux/security.h
> index 429f9f03372b..ba9d308689b6 100644
> --- a/include/linux/security.h
> +++ b/include/linux/security.h
> @@ -116,12 +116,14 @@ enum lockdown_reason {
>  	LOCKDOWN_MODULE_PARAMETERS,
>  	LOCKDOWN_MMIOTRACE,
>  	LOCKDOWN_DEBUGFS,
> +	LOCKDOWN_XMON_WR,
>  	LOCKDOWN_INTEGRITY_MAX,
>  	LOCKDOWN_KCORE,
>  	LOCKDOWN_KPROBES,
>  	LOCKDOWN_BPF_READ,
>  	LOCKDOWN_PERF,
>  	LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS,
> +	LOCKDOWN_XMON_RW,
>  	LOCKDOWN_CONFIDENTIALITY_MAX,
>  };
>  
> diff --git a/security/lockdown/lockdown.c b/security/lockdown/lockdown.c
> index 0068cec77c05..db85182d3f11 100644
> --- a/security/lockdown/lockdown.c
> +++ b/security/lockdown/lockdown.c
> @@ -31,12 +31,14 @@ static char *lockdown_reasons[LOCKDOWN_CONFIDENTIALITY_MAX+1] = {
>  	[LOCKDOWN_MODULE_PARAMETERS] = "unsafe module parameters",
>  	[LOCKDOWN_MMIOTRACE] = "unsafe mmio",
>  	[LOCKDOWN_DEBUGFS] = "debugfs access",
> +	[LOCKDOWN_XMON_WR] = "xmon write access",
>  	[LOCKDOWN_INTEGRITY_MAX] = "integrity",
>  	[LOCKDOWN_KCORE] = "/proc/kcore access",
>  	[LOCKDOWN_KPROBES] = "use of kprobes",
>  	[LOCKDOWN_BPF_READ] = "use of bpf to read kernel RAM",
>  	[LOCKDOWN_PERF] = "unsafe use of perf",
>  	[LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS] = "use of tracefs",
> +	[LOCKDOWN_XMON_RW] = "xmon read and write access",
>  	[LOCKDOWN_CONFIDENTIALITY_MAX] = "confidentiality",
>  };
>  
> -- 
> 2.23.0


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