[PATCH v2] kernel/module_64.c: Add REL24 relocation support of livepatch symbols

Naveen N . Rao naveen.n.rao at linux.vnet.ibm.com
Thu Oct 5 17:56:29 AEDT 2017


On 2017/10/04 03:25PM, Kamalesh Babulal wrote:
> With commit 425595a7fc20 ("livepatch: reuse module loader code to
> write relocations") livepatch uses module loader to write relocations
> of livepatch symbols, instead of managing them by arch-dependent
> klp_write_module_reloc() function.
> 
> livepatch module managed relocation entries are written to sections
> marked with SHF_RELA_LIVEPATCH flag and livepatch symbols within the
> section are marked with SHN_LIVEPATCH symbol section index. When the
> livepatching module is loaded, the livepatch symbols are resolved
> before calling apply_relocate_add() to apply the relocations.
> 
> R_PPC64_REL24 relocation type resolves to a function address, those may
> be local to the livepatch module or available in kernel/other modules.
> For every such non-local function, apply_relocate_add() constructs a
> stub (a.k.a trampoline) to branch to a function. Stub code is
> responsible to save toc onto the stack, before calling the function via
> the global entry point. A NOP instruction is expected after every non
> local function branch, i.e. after the REL24 relocation. Which in-turn
> is replaced by toc restore instruction by apply_relocate_add().
> 
> Functions those were local to livepatched function previously, may have
> become global now or they might be out of range with current TOC base.
> During module load, apply_relocate_add() fails for such global
> functions, as it expect's a nop after a branch. Which does't exist for a
> non-local function accessed via local entry point.
> 
> For example, consider the following livepatch relocations (the example
> is from livepatch module generated by kpatch tool):
> 
> Relocation section '.klp.rela.vmlinux..text.meminfo_proc_show' at offset
> 0x84530 contains 44 entries:
> 
> Offset Info Type          Symbol's Value   Symbol's Name + Addend
> ...    ...  R_PPC64_REL24 0x0 .klp.sym.vmlinux.si_swapinfo,0 + 0
> ...    ...  R_PPC64_REL24 0x0 .klp.sym.vmlinux.total_swapcache_pages,0 + 0
> ...    ...  R_PPC64_REL24 0x0 .klp.sym.vmlinux.show_val_kb,1 + 0
> [...]
> 
> 1. .klp.sym.vmlinux.si_swapinfo and .klp.sym.vmlinux.total_swapcache_pages
>    are not available within the livepatch module TOC range.
> 
> 2. .klp.sym.vmlinux.show_val_kb livepatch symbol was previously local
>    but now global w.r.t module call fs/proc/meminfo.c::meminfo_proc_show()
> 
> While the livepatch module is loaded the livepatch symbols mentioned in
> case 1 will fail with an error:
> module_64: kpatch_meminfo: REL24 -1152921504751525976 out of range!
> 
> and livepatch symbols mentioned in case 2 with fail with an error:
> module_64: kpatch_meminfo: Expect noop after relocate, got 3d220000
> 
> Both the failures with REL24 livepatch symbols relocation, can be
> resolved by constructing a new livepatch stub. The newly setup klp_stub
> mimics the functionality of entry_64.S::livepatch_handler introduced by
> commit 85baa095497f ("powerpc/livepatch: Add live patching support on
> ppc64le").
> 
> Which introduces a "livepatch stack" growing upwards from the base of
> the regular stack and is used to store/restore TOC/LR values, other than
> the stub setup and branch. The additional instructions sequences to
> handle klp_stub increases the stub size and current ppc64_stub_insn[]
> is not sufficient to hold them. This patch also introduces new
> ppc64le_klp_stub_entry[], along with the helpers to find/allocate
> livepatch stub.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Kamalesh Babulal <kamalesh at linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora at gmail.com>
> Cc: Naveen N. Rao <naveen.n.rao at linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe at redhat.com>
> Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu at kernel.org>
> Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth at linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> Cc: Aravinda Prasad <aravinda at linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> Cc: linuxppc-dev at lists.ozlabs.org
> Cc: live-patching at vger.kernel.org
> ---
> This patch applies on top of livepatch_handler fix posted at
> https://lists.ozlabs.org/pipermail/linuxppc-dev/2017-September/163824.html
> 
> v2:
>  - Changed klp_stub construction to re-use livepatch_handler and
>    additional patch code required for klp_stub, instead of duplicating it.
>  - Minor comments and commit body edits.
> 
>  arch/powerpc/include/asm/module.h              |   4 +
>  arch/powerpc/kernel/module_64.c                | 135 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-
>  arch/powerpc/kernel/trace/ftrace_64_mprofile.S |  31 ++++++
>  3 files changed, 167 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/module.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/module.h
> index 6c0132c7212f..de22c4c7aebc 100644
> --- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/module.h
> +++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/module.h
> @@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ struct mod_arch_specific {
>  	unsigned long toc;
>  	unsigned long tramp;
>  #endif
> +#ifdef CONFIG_LIVEPATCH
> +	/* Count of kernel livepatch relocations */
> +	unsigned long klp_relocs;
> +#endif
> 
>  #else /* powerpc64 */
>  	/* Indices of PLT sections within module. */
> diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/module_64.c b/arch/powerpc/kernel/module_64.c
> index 0b0f89685b67..5be955e59162 100644
> --- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/module_64.c
> +++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/module_64.c
> @@ -140,6 +140,24 @@ static u32 ppc64_stub_insns[] = {
>  	0x4e800420			/* bctr */
>  };
> 
> +#ifdef CONFIG_LIVEPATCH
> +extern u32 klp_stub_insn[], klp_stub_insn_end[];
> +extern u32 livepatch_handler[], livepatch_handler_end[];
> +
> +struct ppc64le_klp_stub_entry {
> +	/*
> +	 * Other than setting up the stub and livepatch stub also needs to
> +	 * allocate extra instructions to allocate livepatch stack,
> +	 * storing/restoring TOC/LR values on/from the livepatch stack.
> +	 */
> +	u32 jump[31];
> +	/* Used by ftrace to identify stubs */
> +	u32 magic;
> +	/* Data for the above code */
> +	func_desc_t funcdata;
> +};
> +#endif
> +
>  #ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
>  int module_trampoline_target(struct module *mod, unsigned long addr,
>  			     unsigned long *target)
> @@ -239,10 +257,19 @@ static void relaswap(void *_x, void *_y, int size)
> 
>  /* Get size of potential trampolines required. */
>  static unsigned long get_stubs_size(const Elf64_Ehdr *hdr,
> -				    const Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs)
> +				    const Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
> +				    struct module *me)
>  {
>  	/* One extra reloc so it's always 0-funcaddr terminated */
>  	unsigned long relocs = 1;
> +	/*
> +	 * size of livepatch stub is 28 instructions, whereas the
> +	 * non-livepatch stub requires 7 instructions. Account for
> +	 * different stub sizes and track the livepatch relocation
> +	 * count in me->arch.klp_relocs.
> +	 */
> +	unsigned long sec_relocs = 0;
> +	unsigned long klp_relocs = 0;
>  	unsigned i;
> 
>  	/* Every relocated section... */
> @@ -262,9 +289,14 @@ static unsigned long get_stubs_size(const Elf64_Ehdr *hdr,
>  			     sechdrs[i].sh_size / sizeof(Elf64_Rela),
>  			     sizeof(Elf64_Rela), relacmp, relaswap);
> 
> -			relocs += count_relocs((void *)sechdrs[i].sh_addr,
> +			sec_relocs = count_relocs((void *)sechdrs[i].sh_addr,
>  					       sechdrs[i].sh_size
>  					       / sizeof(Elf64_Rela));
> +			relocs += sec_relocs;
> +#ifdef CONFIG_LIVEPATCH
> +			if (sechdrs[i].sh_flags & SHF_RELA_LIVEPATCH)
> +				klp_relocs += sec_relocs;
> +#endif
>  		}
>  	}
> 
> @@ -273,6 +305,15 @@ static unsigned long get_stubs_size(const Elf64_Ehdr *hdr,
>  	relocs++;
>  #endif
> 
> +	relocs -= klp_relocs;
> +#ifdef CONFIG_LIVEPATCH
> +	me->arch.klp_relocs = klp_relocs;
> +
> +	pr_debug("Looks like a total of %lu stubs, (%lu) livepatch stubs, max\n",
> +				relocs, klp_relocs);
> +	return (relocs * sizeof(struct ppc64_stub_entry) +
> +		klp_relocs * sizeof(struct ppc64le_klp_stub_entry));
> +#endif
>  	pr_debug("Looks like a total of %lu stubs, max\n", relocs);
>  	return relocs * sizeof(struct ppc64_stub_entry);
>  }
> @@ -369,7 +410,7 @@ int module_frob_arch_sections(Elf64_Ehdr *hdr,
>  		me->arch.toc_section = me->arch.stubs_section;
> 
>  	/* Override the stubs size */
> -	sechdrs[me->arch.stubs_section].sh_size = get_stubs_size(hdr, sechdrs);
> +	sechdrs[me->arch.stubs_section].sh_size = get_stubs_size(hdr, sechdrs, me);
>  	return 0;
>  }
> 
> @@ -415,6 +456,56 @@ static inline int create_stub(const Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
>  	return 1;
>  }
> 
> +#ifdef CONFIG_LIVEPATCH
> +/* Patch livepatch stub to reference function and correct r2 value. */
> +static inline int create_klp_stub(const Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
> +				  struct ppc64le_klp_stub_entry *entry,
> +				  unsigned long addr,
> +				  struct module *me)
> +{
> +	long reladdr;
> +	unsigned long klp_stub_idx, klp_stub_idx_end;
> +
> +	klp_stub_idx = (klp_stub_insn - livepatch_handler);
> +	klp_stub_idx_end = (livepatch_handler_end - klp_stub_insn_end);
> +
> +	/* Copy first half of livepatch_handler till klp_stub_insn */
> +	memcpy(entry->jump, livepatch_handler, sizeof(u32) * klp_stub_idx);
> +
> +	/* Stub uses address relative to r2. */
> +	reladdr = (unsigned long)entry - my_r2(sechdrs, me);
> +	if (reladdr > 0x7FFFFFFF || reladdr < -(0x80000000L)) {
> +		pr_err("%s: Address %p of stub out of range of %p.\n",
> +				me->name, (void *)reladdr, (void *)my_r2);
> +		return 0;
> +	}
> +	pr_debug("Stub %p get data from reladdr %li\n", entry, reladdr);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Patch the code required to load the trampoline address into r11,
> +	 * function global entry point into r12, ctr.
> +	 */
> +	entry->jump[klp_stub_idx++] = (PPC_INST_ADDIS | ___PPC_RT(11) |
> +					___PPC_RA(2) | PPC_HA(reladdr));
> +
> +	entry->jump[klp_stub_idx++] = (PPC_INST_ADDI | ___PPC_RT(11) |
> +					 ___PPC_RA(11) | PPC_LO(reladdr));
> +
> +	entry->jump[klp_stub_idx++] = (PPC_INST_LD | ___PPC_RT(12) |
> +					 ___PPC_RA(11) | 128);
							 ^^^
Better to use offsetof().

Apart from that, the stub handling itself looks good to me.


Thanks,
Naveen


> +
> +	entry->jump[klp_stub_idx++] = PPC_INST_MTCTR | ___PPC_RT(12);
> +
> +	/* Copy second half of livepatch_handler starting klp_stub_insn_end */
> +	memcpy(entry->jump + klp_stub_idx, klp_stub_insn_end,
> +				sizeof(u32) * klp_stub_idx_end);
> +
> +	entry->funcdata = func_desc(addr);
> +	entry->magic = STUB_MAGIC;
> +	return 1;
> +}
> +#endif
> +
>  /* Create stub to jump to function described in this OPD/ptr: we need the
>     stub to set up the TOC ptr (r2) for the function. */
>  static unsigned long stub_for_addr(const Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
> @@ -441,6 +532,38 @@ static unsigned long stub_for_addr(const Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
>  	return (unsigned long)&stubs[i];
>  }
> 
> +#ifdef CONFIG_LIVEPATCH
> +static unsigned long klp_stub_for_addr(const Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
> +				       unsigned long addr,
> +				       struct module *me)
> +{
> +	struct ppc64le_klp_stub_entry *klp_stubs;
> +	unsigned int num_klp_stubs = me->arch.klp_relocs;
> +	unsigned int i, num_stubs;
> +
> +	num_stubs = (sechdrs[me->arch.stubs_section].sh_size -
> +		    (num_klp_stubs * sizeof(*klp_stubs))) /
> +				sizeof(struct ppc64_stub_entry);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Create livepatch stubs after the regular stubs.
> +	 */
> +	klp_stubs = (void *)sechdrs[me->arch.stubs_section].sh_addr +
> +		    (num_stubs * sizeof(struct ppc64_stub_entry));
> +	for (i = 0; stub_func_addr(klp_stubs[i].funcdata); i++) {
> +		BUG_ON(i >= num_klp_stubs);
> +
> +		if (stub_func_addr(klp_stubs[i].funcdata) == func_addr(addr))
> +			return (unsigned long)&klp_stubs[i];
> +	}
> +
> +	if (!create_klp_stub(sechdrs, &klp_stubs[i], addr, me))
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	return (unsigned long)&klp_stubs[i];
> +}
> +#endif
> +
>  #ifdef CC_USING_MPROFILE_KERNEL
>  static bool is_early_mcount_callsite(u32 *instruction)
>  {
> @@ -622,6 +745,12 @@ int apply_relocate_add(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs,
>  					return -ENOEXEC;
> 
>  				squash_toc_save_inst(strtab + sym->st_name, value);
> +#ifdef CONFIG_LIVEPATCH
> +			} else if (sym->st_shndx == SHN_LIVEPATCH) {
> +				value = klp_stub_for_addr(sechdrs, value, me);
> +				if (!value)
> +					return -ENOENT;
> +#endif
>  			} else
>  				value += local_entry_offset(sym);
> 
> diff --git a/arch/powerpc/kernel/trace/ftrace_64_mprofile.S b/arch/powerpc/kernel/trace/ftrace_64_mprofile.S
> index b4e2b7165f79..a4e97cb9da91 100644
> --- a/arch/powerpc/kernel/trace/ftrace_64_mprofile.S
> +++ b/arch/powerpc/kernel/trace/ftrace_64_mprofile.S
> @@ -183,7 +183,10 @@ _GLOBAL(ftrace_stub)
>  	 *  - CTR holds the new NIP in C
>  	 *  - r0, r11 & r12 are free
>  	 */
> +
> +	.global livepatch_handler
>  livepatch_handler:
> +
>  	CURRENT_THREAD_INFO(r12, r1)
> 
>  	/* Allocate 3 x 8 bytes */
> @@ -201,8 +204,33 @@ livepatch_handler:
>  	ori     r12, r12, STACK_END_MAGIC at l
>  	std	r12, -8(r11)
> 
> +	/*
> +	 * klp_stub_insn/klp_stub_insn_end marks the beginning/end of the
> +	 * additional instructions, which gets patched by create_klp_stub()
> +	 * for livepatch symbol relocation stub. The instructions are:
> +	 *
> +	 * Load TOC relative address into r11. module_64.c::klp_stub_for_addr()
> +	 * identifies the available free stub slot and loads the address into
> +	 * r11 with two instructions.
> +	 *
> +	 * addis r11, r2, stub_address at ha
> +	 * addi  r11, r11, stub_address at l
> +	 *
> +	 * Load global entry into r12 from entry->funcdata offset
> +	 * ld    r12, 128(r11)
> +	 *
> +	 * Put r12 into ctr and branch there
> +	 * mtctr r12
> +	 */
> +
> +	.global klp_stub_insn
> +klp_stub_insn:
> +
>  	/* Put ctr in r12 for global entry and branch there */
>  	mfctr	r12
> +
> +	.global klp_stub_insn_end
> +klp_stub_insn_end:
>  	bctrl
> 
>  	/*
> @@ -234,6 +262,9 @@ livepatch_handler:
> 
>  	/* Return to original caller of live patched function */
>  	blr
> +
> +	.global livepatch_handler_end
> +livepatch_handler_end:
>  #endif /* CONFIG_LIVEPATCH */
> 
>  #endif /* CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE */
> -- 
> 2.11.0
> 



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