<div dir="ltr"><div>Hi Gao,</div><div> How you got the read amplification? I ran FIO on enwik9 (both Erofs and SquashFs) and got the below output. Is there anyway to calculate the read amplification from the below logs. <br></div><div><br></div><div> Here filename (/mnt/enwik9_erofs/enwik9, /mnt/enwiki_sqfs/enwik9) points to the mounted readonly file system(squasfs, erofs). But if I give directory as a parameter instead of filename I am getting error(see the logs at the end). <br></div><div><b><span style="color:rgb(255,0,0)"><br></span></b></div><div><b><span style="color:rgb(255,0,0)">FIO on Erofs:</span></b></div><div><br></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>localhost:~> fio --name=randread --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=16 --rw=randread --bs=4k --direct=0 --size=512M --numjobs=4 --runtime=240 --group_reporting --<span style="color:rgb(255,153,0)">filename</span>=/mnt/enwik9_erofs/enwik9 <span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>randread: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=16<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>...<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>fio-3.17-90-gd9b7<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>Starting 4 processes<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>Jobs: 4 (f=4): [r(4)][100.0%][r=381MiB/s][r=97.6k IOPS][eta 00m:00s]<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>randread: (groupid=0, jobs=4): err= 0: pid=34282: Mon Jan 27 01:04:55 2020<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> read: IOPS=36.7k, BW=144MiB/s (150MB/s)(2048MiB/14271msec)<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> slat (nsec): min=1305, max=135688k, avg=106650.48, stdev=493480.73<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> clat (nsec): min=1970, max=136593k, avg=1629459.90, stdev=2639786.83<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (usec): min=3, max=136625, avg=1736.29, stdev=2772.32<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> clat percentiles (usec):<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 1.00th=[ 48], 5.00th=[ 69], 10.00th=[ 251], 20.00th=[ 437],<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 30.00th=[ 570], 40.00th=[ 701], 50.00th=[ 848], 60.00th=[ 1029],<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 70.00th=[ 1336], 80.00th=[ 2147], 90.00th=[ 4015], 95.00th=[ 5932],<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 99.00th=[ 11600], 99.50th=[ 13304], 99.90th=[ 17171], 99.95th=[ 20579],<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 99.99th=[135267]<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> bw ( KiB/s): min=16510, max=295435, per=76.91%, avg=113025.79, stdev=23830.42, samples=112<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> iops : min= 4126, max=73857, avg=28254.82, stdev=5957.62, samples=112<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (usec) : 2=0.01%, 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=1.37%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (usec) : 100=5.45%, 250=3.15%, 500=14.74%, 750=18.99%, 1000=14.99%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (msec) : 2=20.14%, 4=11.09%, 10=8.42%, 20=1.62%, 50=0.04%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (msec) : 250=0.01%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> cpu : usr=1.87%, sys=8.28%, ctx=144023, majf=1, minf=114<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=100.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.1%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> issued rwts: total=524288,0,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=16<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span><span> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>Run status group 0 (all jobs):<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> READ: bw=144MiB/s (150MB/s), 144MiB/s-144MiB/s (150MB/s-150MB/s), io=2048MiB (2147MB), run=14271-14271msec<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span><span> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>Disk stats (read/write):<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> loop0: ios=137357/0, merge=0/0, ticks=23020/0, in_queue=460, util=97.70%</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><br></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px"><span style="color:rgb(255,0,0)"><b>FIO on SquashFs:</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><br></p><span><span></span></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>localhost:~/Downloads/erofs-utils> fio --name=randread --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=16 --rw=randread --bs=4k --direct=0 --size=512M --numjobs=4 --runtime=240 --group_reporting --<span style="color:rgb(255,153,0)">filename</span>=/mnt/enwik9_sqsh/enwik9<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>randread: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=16<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>...<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>fio-3.17-90-gd9b7<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>Starting 4 processes<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>Jobs: 4 (f=4): [r(4)][66.7%][r=1175MiB/s][r=301k IOPS][eta 00m:05s]<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>randread: (groupid=0, jobs=4): err= 0: pid=34389: Mon Jan 27 01:07:56 2020<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> read: IOPS=55.4k, BW=216MiB/s (227MB/s)(2048MiB/9467msec)<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> slat (nsec): min=1194, max=61065k, avg=67581.76, stdev=754174.73<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> clat (usec): min=2, max=222014, avg=1075.25, stdev=5969.94<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (usec): min=3, max=235437, avg=1143.13, stdev=6341.32<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> clat percentiles (usec):<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 1.00th=[ 39], 5.00th=[ 40], 10.00th=[ 40], 20.00th=[ 41],<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 30.00th=[ 42], 40.00th=[ 43], 50.00th=[ 43], 60.00th=[ 44],<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 70.00th=[ 45], 80.00th=[ 48], 90.00th=[ 63], 95.00th=[ 3163],<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 99.00th=[ 28443], 99.50th=[ 41157], 99.90th=[ 78119], 99.95th=[ 89654],<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> | 99.99th=[125305]<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> bw ( KiB/s): min= 1985, max=991826, per=63.49%, avg=140649.83, stdev=78204.76, samples=72<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> iops : min= 495, max=247955, avg=35161.00, stdev=19551.19, samples=72<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (usec) : 4=0.01%, 10=0.01%, 20=0.01%, 50=84.82%, 100=8.18%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (usec) : 250=0.37%, 500=0.09%, 750=0.24%, 1000=0.54%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (msec) : 2=0.43%, 4=0.46%, 10=1.29%, 20=1.93%, 50=1.30%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> lat (msec) : 100=0.33%, 250=0.02%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> cpu : usr=1.76%, sys=16.29%, ctx=14519, majf=0, minf=104<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> IO depths : 1=0.1%, 2=0.1%, 4=0.1%, 8=0.1%, 16=100.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.1%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> issued rwts: total=524288,0,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=16<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span><span> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>Run status group 0 (all jobs):<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> READ: bw=216MiB/s (227MB/s), 216MiB/s-216MiB/s (227MB/s-227MB/s), io=2048MiB (2147MB), run=9467-9467msec<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span><span> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span>Disk stats (read/write):<span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span> loop1: ios=177240/0, merge=0/0, ticks=199386/0, in_queue=75984, util=73.95%</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><br></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><br></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span style="color:rgb(255,0,0)"> Fio Test on SquashFs dir:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><br></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none">localhost:~/Downloads/erofs-utils> fio --name=randread --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=16 --rw=randread --bs=4k --direct=0 --size=512M --numjobs=4 --runtime=240 --group_reporting --<span style="color:rgb(255,153,0)">directory</span>=/mnt/enwik9_sqsh/ <br>randread: (g=0): rw=randread, bs=(R) 4096B-4096B, (W) 4096B-4096B, (T) 4096B-4096B, ioengine=libaio, iodepth=16<br>...<br>fio-3.17-90-gd9b7<br>Starting 4 processes<br>randread: Laying out IO file (1 file / 512MiB)<br>fio: pid=0, err=30/file:filesetup.c:150, func=unlink, error=Read-only file system<br>randread: Laying out IO file (1 file / 512MiB)<br>fio: pid=0, err=30/file:filesetup.c:150, func=unlink, error=Read-only file system<br>randread: Laying out IO file (1 file / 512MiB)<br>fio: pid=0, err=30/file:filesetup.c:150, func=unlink, error=Read-only file system<br>randread: Laying out IO file (1 file / 512MiB)<br>fio: pid=0, err=30/file:filesetup.c:150, func=unlink, error=Read-only file system<br><br><br>Run status group 0 (all jobs):<br><br><span><span></span></span></p></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Jan 22, 2020 at 10:07 AM Gao Xiang <<a href="mailto:hsiangkao@aol.com" target="_blank">hsiangkao@aol.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">On Wed, Jan 22, 2020 at 09:27:45AM +0530, Saumya Panda wrote:<br>
> Hi Gao,<br>
> Thanks for the info. After I enabled the said configuration, I am now<br>
> able to read the files after mount. But I am seeing Squashfs has better<br>
> compression ratio compared to Erofs (more than 60% than that of Erofs). Am<br>
> I missing something? I used lz4hc while making the Erofs image.<br>
> <br>
> ls -l enwik*<br>
> -rw-r--r-- 1 saumya users 61280256 Jan 21 03:22 enwik8.erofs.img<br>
> -rw-r--r-- 1 saumya users 37355520 Jan 21 03:34 enwik8.sqsh<br>
> -rw-r--r-- 1 saumya users 558133248 Jan 21 03:25 enwik9.erofs.img<br>
> -rw-r--r-- 1 saumya users 331481088 Jan 21 03:35 enwik9.sqsh<br>
<br>
Yes, it's working as expect. Currently EROFS is compressed in 4k<br>
fixed-sized output compression granularity as mentioned in many<br>
available materials. That is the use case for our smartphones.<br>
You should compare with similar block configuration of squashfs.<br>
and there are some 3rd data by other folks as well [1].<br>
<br>
In the future, we will support other compression algorithms and<br>
larger compressed size (> 4k).<br>
<br>
[1] In chinese,<br>
<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/scnutiger/article/details/102507596" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://blog.csdn.net/scnutiger/article/details/102507596</a><br>
<br>
Thanks,<br>
Gao Xiang<br>
<br>
</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div dir="ltr">Thanks,<br>Saumya Prakash Panda<br><br></div>